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What Is Pond Scum? “Pond scum” can be a general term people use for the green, slimy, floating, or stringy material that appears on the surface of ponds, dugouts, lakes, koi ponds, and stormwater ponds. In many cases, pond scum may be caused by algae, cyanobacteria, decomposing organic matter, or a combination of these factors. A small amount of algae can be normal in a healthy pond. Algae are part of the aquatic food web and can support microscopic life, insects, and other organisms …